Innovative Economy: the Role of Universities in the Knowledge Transfer Process
Keywords:
knowledge transfer, universities, enterprises, innovative economy, Kazakhstan,Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of universities in the process of knowledge transfer in the context of innovative development of a country. The main methods used in this research comprised analysis and synthesis of the role of universities in a number of countries. Based on a comparative analysis, the conclusions were drawn regarding the role and functions of higher education institutions in developed counties, developing states and transition economies. The results reveal that with the increase in the country’s level of development an understanding of the role and function of universities is changing. The higher the level of development of the economy the more complex and wider perceived the role of universities in the process of knowledge transfer and acceleration of growth of innovative component of the economy. In recent years, Kazakhstan has built quite an active policy aimed at the development of innovative economy which is based on the transfer of knowledge between universities and enterprises. Universities are now seen not only as educational and research centers but also as an integral part of the national innovation system actively interacting with business sectorReferences
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2 Fassin Y. The strategic role of university-industry liaison offices //Journal of Research Administration. – 2000. – Т. 1, № 2. –С. 31-42.
3 Cosh A., Hughes A. Never mind the quality feel the width: university–industry links and government financial support for innovation in small high-technology businesses in the UK and the USA // The Journal of Technology Transfer. – 2010. – Т. 35, № 1. –С. 66-91.
4 Abreu M., Grinevich V., Hughes A., Kitson M., Ternouth P. Universities, business and knowledge exchange. – London:Council for Industry and Higher Education, 2008. – 64c.
5 Lester R.K. Universities, innovation, and the competitiveness of local economies: An overview // Innovation, Universities,and the Competitiveness of Regions. – 2007. – Т. 214. – С. 9-30.
6 Etzkowitz H. Incubation of incubators: innovation as a triple helix of university-industry-government networks // Science and Public Policy. – 2002. – Т. 29, № 2. – С. 115-128.
7 Lawton-Smith H. Universities, innovation, and territorial development: a review of the evidence // Environment and Planning C. – 2007. – Т. 25. – С. 98-114.
8 Bramwell A., Wolfe D. A. Universities and regional economic development: The entrepreneurial University of Waterloo //Research Policy. – 2008. – Т. 37, № 8. – С. 1175-1187
9 Dalmarco G., Zawislak, P., Hulsink, W., Brambilla F. Knowledge flow in industry-university relations: a comparison between the Netherlands and Brazil // Paper presented at the 38th EIBA Annual Conference. – Brighton, 2012.
10 Альжанова Н.Ш. Образовательная деятельность в сфере инновационного бизнеса и предпринимательства // Деловой Казахстан. – 2010. – № 14 (211). – 16 апреля.
11 Fritsch M., Slavtchev V. Universities and innovation in space // Industry and Innovation. – 2007. – Т. 14, № 2. – С. 201-218.
12 Mueller P. Exploring the knowledge filter: How entrepreneurship and university–industry relationships drive economic growth // Research policy. – 2006. – Т. 35, № 10. – С. 1499-1508.
13 Rossi F. The governance of university-industry knowledge transfer //European Journal of Innovation Management. – 2010.– Т. 13, № 2. – С. 155-171.
14 Debackere K. Introduction // R&D Management. – 2004. – T. 34. – C. 1-2.
15 Fontana R., Geuna A., Matt M. Factors affecting university–industry R&D projects: The importance of searching, screening and signaling // Research policy. – 2006. – Т. 35, № 2. – С. 309-323.
16 Schiller D., Liefner I. Higher education funding reform and university–industry links in developing countries: The case of Thailand // Higher Education. – 2007. – Т. 54, № 4. – С. 543-556
17 Segarra-Blasco A., Arauzo-Carod J. M. Sources of innovation and industry–university interaction: Evidence from Spanish firms // Research Policy. – 2008. – Т. 37, № 8. – С. 1283-1295.
18 Etzkowitz H., Leydesdorff L. The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations // Research policy. – 2000. – Т. 29, №. 2. – С. 109-123.
19 Есенгельдин Б.С., Ситенко Д.А. Развитие университета в рамках формирования инновационной экономики // Саясат Policy. – 2011. – №2. – С. 4-7.
20 Адилов Ж. Упрочить «треугольник знаний» // Казахстанская правда. – 7 июня 2011. – №179 (26600). – С. 14.
21 Бишимбаев K. Инновации и государственный подход // 50.KZ. Индустриально-инновационный Казахстан. – 2011. –№5-6 (31). – С. 92-95.
22 Инсепов З. Как обустроить науку, технологии и образование в Казахстане // Exclusive. – 2010. – №95 (февраль). – С.20-27.
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